196 过去完成时在间接引语中的用法

 

A 引导动词如果是一般过去时,直接引语中的现在完成时在间接引语中要变成过去完成时:

He said,‘Ive been in England for ten years.’

他说:“我已经在英国住了十年了。”相当于:

He said that he had been in England for ten years

他说他在英国已经住了十年。

He said,‘When youve worked for a year youll get a rise.’

他说:“你工作一年之后,会加工资。”相当于:

He said that when Id worked for a year Id get a rise

他说我工作一年之后会加工资。

She said,‘Ill lend you the book as soon as I have read it myself.’

她说:“我一看完这本书就借给你。”相当于:

She said shed lend me the book as soon as shed read it herself

她说她一看完那本书就借给我。

B 直接引语中的一般过去时通常也作同样的变化:

He said,‘I knew her well.’

他说:“我过去很了解她。”相当于:

He said that he had known her well

他说他过去很了解她。

但在许多情况下一般过去时保持不变。(参见第309节至第310节。)(关于条件句中if后的过去完成时,参见第223节;wishonly之后的过去完成时,参见第300节;关于as if asthough之后的过去完成时,参见第292节。)