229 间接引语中的条件句

 

A 条件句类型1的基本形式在这里时态的变化遵循通常的规律:

He said,‘If I catch the plane Ill be home by five.’

他说:“我如果能赶上这班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。”相当于:

He said that if he caught the plane he would be home by five

他说他如果能赶上那班飞机,5点钟以前就可以到家了。

条件句类型2的基本形式在这里时态不变:

If I had a permit I could get a job,’he said

他说:“如果我有许可证就能找到工作。”相当于:

He said that if he had a permit he could get a job

他说如果他有许可证就能找到工作。

条件句类型3的基本形式在这里时态不变:

If she had loved Tom,’ he said,‘she wouldnt have left him.’

他说:“如果她喜欢汤姆,就不会离开他。”相当于:

He said that if she had loved Tom she wouldnt have left him

他说如果她喜欢汤姆的话就不会离开他。

B 关于if从句+命令或者要求在间接引语中的例句(参见第320节与第321节):

He said,‘If you have time wash the floor.’

他说:“如果你有时间,擦一擦地板。”

He said,‘If you have time would you wash the floor?’

他说:“如果你有时间,你能擦一擦地板吗?”相当于:

He toldasked me to wash the floor if I had time

他叫/要我有时间的话擦一擦地板。

He said that if I had time I was to wash the floor

他说如果我有时间的话就擦一擦地板。

If you see Ann ask her to ring me,’he said

他说:“如果你遇到安,叫她给我打个电话。”相当于:

He said that if I saw Ann I was to ask her to ring him

他说如果我看到安,告诉她给他打个电话。(这里如用 ask+不定式结构就变得很拗口,也不十分清楚。)

Peteron phone): If you miss the last bus get a taxi

彼得(在打电话):如果你们误了末班车,就雇一辆出租汽车。

Peter says that if we miss the last bus we are to get a taxi

彼得说如果我们误了末班车就雇一辆出租汽车。

(关于if you would…表示要求,参见第284F。)

C 关于在间接引语中的if从句+劝告的表示法:

If you feel ill,’she said,‘why dont you go to bed?’/‘…youd bet ter go to bed.’

她说:“如果你感到不舒服为什么不躺一下?”/…你最好上床休息。

She advised me to go to bed if I felt ill

她劝我,如果感到不舒服了就上床休息。

She said that if I felt ill Id betterI should go to bed

她说如果我感到不舒服了我最好/应当上床休息。

If I were you Id stop taking pills,’she said

她说:“如果我是你的话,我就停止吃药。”相当于:

She advised me to stop taking pills

她劝我停止吃药。

D if从句+疑问句结构在间接引语中通常把if从句置于句末:

If the baby is a girl what will they call her?’ he wondered

他心里想:“如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字?”相当于:

He wondered what they would call the baby if it was a girl

他心里想,如果生的是个女孩,他们会给她取个什么名字。

If the door is locked what shall I do?’ she asked

她问道:“如果门锁了我该怎么办?”相当于:

She asked what she would do if the door was locked

她问如果门锁了她该怎么办。