287 劝告的形式

 

A mustought toshould可用来表示劝告:

You must read this bookIts marvellous

你该读一读这本书。这本书非常好。

You should grow your own vegetables

你应该自己种菜吃。

You ought to plant some trees

你应当种几棵树。

在间接引语中 mustought toshould可以不发生变化,或用advise+ 宾语结构来转述:

He advised me to plant trees

他劝我种树。

B you had better +不带to的不定式(参见第120节):

Youd better take off your wet shoes

你最好把湿鞋子脱掉。

Youd better not wait any longer

你最好不要再等了。

had better可用于第三人称:

Hed better stop taking those pills

他最好别再服用那些药片。

C if I were you I should/would

If I were you Id buy a car

如果我是你,我就买一辆汽车了。

这种形式常常被缩略为I should/wouldI稍加重音:

Id buy a car

(译文同上。)

在间接引语中 If I were you I should/would…由advise+宾语结构来转述:

He advised me to buy a car

他劝我买辆汽车。

D I advise/would advise you+不定式:

Iwould advise you to apply at once

(你要是问我的意见的话)我劝你马上去申请。

I advise/would advise+动名词:

I(’d advise applying at once

(译文同上。)

E why dont you…?可表示劝告或建议:

Why dont you learn to play your guitar

你为什么不学弹吉它?

Why dont you take a holiday

你为什么不休假?

表示劝告时,可由advise+宾语结构转述:

He advised me to take a holiday

他劝我去度假。

F it is time you + 过去时态:

It is time you bought a new coat

你该买一件新外衣了。(参见第293节。)

可用下列方法表示转述:

He said it was time I bought a new coat

他说我该买一件新外衣了。