/skrʌf; skrʌf/
n (idm 习语) by the scruff of the/one's `neck (grasping or lifting) by the back of an animal's or a person's neck （抓住或拎起）动物或人的颈背
*The cat picked up the kitten by the scruff of its neck. 大猫叼着小猫的颈背.
* She grabbed me by the scruff of my neck and threw me out. 她抓着我的颈背把我扔了出去.

n (infml 口) dirty and untidy person 邋遢的人
*He's a dreadful scruff! 他真邋遢!

n
[Date: 1700-1800; Origin: scuff 'back of the neck' (18-19 centuries), perhaps from Old Norse skoft 'hair of the head']
by the scruff of the neck
if you hold a person or animal by the scruff of their neck, you hold the skin, fur, or clothes at the back of their neck
[C]BrE informal someone who looks untidy or dirty