/ʃɔ:t; ʃɔrt/
adj (-er, -est)
1 (a) measuring little from one end to the other （长度方面）短的
*a short stick, line, dress, journey 短棒、短线、短连衣裙、短途旅行
* short grass, fur 短的草、毛皮
* a short distance between the two houses 两所房子间的短距离
* You've cut my hair very short. 你把我的头发剪得太短了.
* She walked with short quick steps. 她以小而快的步子走路.
* The coat is rather short in the sleeves. 这件大衣的袖子有点短. Cf 参看 long1 1.
(b) below the average height 矮的; 低的
*a short person 身材矮的人
* short in stature 身材矮小
* too short to become a police officer 因身材矮而不能当警察. Cf 参看 tall.
(c) not lasting long; brief （时间方面）短的, 短暂的; 简短的
*a short holiday, speech, film, ceremony 短暂的假期、简短的发言、短片、简短的仪式
* have a short memory, ie remember only things that have happened recently 短暂的记忆（只能记住最近发生的事）
* The days get shorter as winterapproaches. 冬天来临, 白天越来越短了. Cf 参看 long1 1.2 ~ (of sth) not reaching the usual standard or required weight, length, quantity, etc （在重量、长度、数量等方面）未达到通常标准的, 短缺的
*Water is short at this time of year. 每年这个时候缺水.
* The shopkeeper gave us short weight
*we got 7.5 kilos instead of
10 kilos. 店主给我们的分量不足
*应该10公斤我们只得到7.5公斤.
* The soldiers complained that they were getting short rations. 士兵们抱怨他们得到的配给不够数.
* These goods are in short supply, ie There are not enough to satisfy the demand for them. 这些货物短缺（供不应求）.
* This packet is supposed to contain ten screws, but it's two short. 这包应装有十个螺丝钉, 可是短了两个.
* The missile landed ten miles short (of its target). 那枚导弹落在离目标十英里的地方.
* We've only raised
2000 so far; we're still
500 short (of the amount we need).我们到目前为止才筹集到2000英镑, （离所需数目）还差500英镑.
3 [pred 作表语]
(a) ~ (of sth) not having much or enough of sth; lacking sth （某物）不够; 缺乏（某物）
*short of time, money, ideas 缺少时间、钱、主意
* The hospital is getting short of clean linen. 这所医院现在缺少乾净的被服用品.
* We can't lend you any sugar, we're a bit short (of it) ourselves. 我们无法借给你糖, 我们自己（的糖）也不太够.
* (infml 口) I'm a bit short (ie of money) this week. 我这星期手头不宽裕（缺钱）.
(b) ~ on sth (infml 口) lacking (a certain quality) 缺少（某种特质）
*He's short on tact. 他处事不够圆通.
* Her speeches are rather short on wit. 她的讲话不够风趣.
4 [pred 作表语] ~ for sth serving as an abbreviation of sth 作某事物的简略形式、缩写或简称
*`Ben' is usually short for `Benjamin'. Ben通常为Benjamin的简称.
5 (a) [pred 作表语] ~ (with sb) (of a person) speaking sharply and briefly; curt; abrupt （指人）说话尖刻而简短, 简单粗暴, 唐突无礼
*She was rather short with him when he asked for help. 他请她帮帮忙, 她却不客气地把他顶了回去.
(b) (of a remark or sb's manner of speaking) expressed in few words; curt （指言语或说话方式）简短的, 唐突无礼的
*He gave her a short answer. 他给了她一个简短生硬的回答.
* All his observations were short and to the point. 他的观察报告都很简单扼要.
6 (a) (of a fielder or his position in cricket) relatively near the batsman （指板球运动的外场员或其位置）距击球员较近的
*short leg, slip, etc 距击球员近的在其左侧的、在其右後侧的...外场员.
(b) (of a bowled ball in cricket) bouncing relatively near to the bowler （指板球中投出的球）反弹至较近投球手的位置.
7 (of vowels or syllables) pronounced for a relatively brief time （指元音或音节）短音的
*the short vowel in `pull' and the long vowel in `pool' 在pull一字中的短元音和在pool一字中的长元音.
8 (of an alcoholic drink) small and strong, made with spirits （指烈性酒）少而浓的, 烈性的
*I rarely have short drinks. 我很少喝烈性酒.
9 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (commerce 商) (of a bill of exchange, etc) maturing at an early date （指汇票等）短期的, 即将兑现的
*a short bill, bond, etc 短期票据、债券等
* a short date, ie an early date for the maturing of a bill, bond, etc 短期（兑现票据、债券等的）.
10 [usu attrib 通常作定语] (of cake or pastry) rich and crumbly as a result of containing much fat （指饼或面点心）油酥的
*a flan with a short crust 果馅酥饼.
11 (idm 习语) be on short `rations be allowed or able to have less than the usual quantity of food 食物配给量不足; 靠不足的食物配给量生活. by a short `head
(a) (in horse-racing) by a distance of less than the length of a horse's head （赛马）以不到一个马头的距离
*win/lose by a short head 以不到一个马头的距离之差获胜[失败].
(b) by only a little 以极少的量
*I got
96 per cent, he got 94, so I beat him by a short head. 我得96分, 他得94分, 我仅超过他一点. for `short as an abbreviation 简略形式; 缩写; 简称
*Her name is `Frances', or `Fran' for short. 她叫｀弗朗西丝＇或简称｀弗朗＇. get/have sb by the short `hairs (infml 口) get/have sb in a difficult position or at one's mercy 使某人处境困难; 完全操纵某人. give full/short measure =>measure2. give sb/sth/get short `shrift/FrIft; FrIft/ give sb/sth/get curt treatment or attention怠慢某人[某事物]; 受冷遇
*He went to complain to the boss, but got very short shrift
*she told him to get out and stay out 他到老板那儿去投诉, 但老板态度冷淡
*她叫他出去上一边呆着去. in long/short pants =>pants. in the long/short term =>term. in `short in a few words; briefly 总之; 简言之
*Things couldn't be worse, financially
*in short, we're bankrupt. 在财务方面已经糟得不能再糟了
*总之一句话, 我们破产了. in short `order quickly and without fuss 迅速而直截了当地
*When the children are naughty she deals with them in very short order
*they're sent straight to bed. 孩子们一淘气她有个乾脆的办法
*马上打发他们上床睡觉. in short supply not plentiful; scarce 不充裕; 供应不足. little/nothing short of sth little/nothing less than sth; almost sth 不亚于某事物; 几乎就是
*Our escape was little short of miraculous. 我们能够逃出来简直是奇迹. make short work of sth/sb deal with, or dispose of sth/sb quickly 迅速处理某事物或对付某人
*make short work of one's meal 很快吃完饭
* The team made short work of their opponents. 这个队一下子就把对方压倒了. on a short `fuse likely to get angry quickly and easily 易怒的; 脾气暴躁的
*Don't irritate her, she's on a short fuse today. 别惹她, 她今天动不动就发火. out of/short of breath =>breath. (on) short `commons (dated 旧) not having enough to eat 没有足够的食物吃. a short `cut
(a) route that makes a journey, walk, etc shorter 近路; 捷径
*I took a short cut across the field to get to school. 我穿过田野抄近路去上学.
(b) way of doing sth more efficiently, quickly, etc 更快、更有效等的办事方法
*Becoming a doctor requires years of training -- there are really no short cuts. 当医生需要多年的学习和锻炼--实无捷径可言. ,short and `sweet (often ironic 常作反语) brief but pleasant 简短而愉快的
*I only needed two minutes with the doctor the visit was short and sweet. 我找医生治病只用了两分钟--别管受罪不受罪, 反正时间短. thick as two short planks =>thick. > shortness n [U].

/ʃɔ:t; ʃɔrt/
adv
1 suddenly; abruptly 突然; 唐突地
*He stopped short when he heard his name called. 他听到有人叫他, 就突然停了下来.
2 (idm 习语) be caught/taken `short (infml 口) suddenly feel the needto go to the lavatory urgently 突然感到要去厕所. bring/pull sb up short/sharply =>pull2. cut a long story short =>long1. cut sth/sb `short bring sth/sb to an end before the usual or natural time; interrupt sth/sb 结束或中断某事物
*a career tragically cut short by illness 因疾病而不幸中断的事业
* The interviewer cut short his guest in mid-sentence. 采访的人没等客人把那句话说完就打断了他的话. fall short of sth not reach sth 未达到（某目的）
*The money collected fell short of the amount required. 筹集的资金没达到所需的数额.
* His achievements had fallen short of his hopes. 他的成就没有达到他期望的那么大. go short (of sth) not have enough (of sth) 缺少（某物）; 欠缺
*If you earn well, you'll never go short. 钱挣多了就什么都不缺了.
* The children must not go short of food. 儿童不可缺少食物. run short (of sth) use up most of one's supply (of sth) 已快用完（某物）
*Go and get some more oil so we don't run short. 去多弄些油来以免到时候用光了.
* I'm late for work every day, and I'm running short of excuses. 我每天迟到, 现在找不到什么藉口了. sell sth/sb short =>sell. short of sth without sth; unless sth happens 没有（某事物）; 除非（发生某事）
*Short of a miracle, we're certain to lose now. 除非出现奇迹, 不然我们现在是输定了. stop short of sth/doing sth =>stop1.

/ʃɔ:t; ʃɔrt/
n (infml 口)
1 = short circuit (short1).
2 short film, esp one shown before the main film at a cinema 短片（尤指正片之前放映的）.
3 (esp pl 尤作复数) small strong alcoholic drink, esp of spirits 少量烈性酒精饮料; （尤指）烈酒.
4 (idm 习语) the long and short of it =>long2.

v [I, Tn] (infml 口) = short-circuit (short1).