un-
用于形容词之前,表示"不"
难易程度:
un-为短语/超纲词汇
un-
pref 前缀
1 (with adjs, advs and ns 与形容词、副词和名词结合) not 不; 非
*unable
* unconsciously
* untruth.2 (a) (with vs forming vs 与动词结合构成动词) reverse or opposite of 相反; 对立
*unlock
* undo.
(b) (withns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) remove from or deprive of 移走; 免去
*unearth
* unmask
* unhorse.
NOTE ON USAGE 用法
*Compare the negative prefixes non-, un-, dis- and a-. 试比较含否定意义的前缀n on-、un-、dis-、a-.
1 Non- and un- are the most freelyadded prefixes. *non-和un-在使用上最为自由. Non-is used with nouns, adjectives and adverbs and indicates an absence of something *non-附加在名词、形容词、副词前, 表示没有或不存在某事物
*a non-drinker 不喝酒的人
* a non-stick pan 不粘底的锅
* speaking non-stop说个不停. Un- is added to adjectives and indicates the opposite quality from the simple word *un-附加在形容词前, 表示与原词相反的意义
*unexpected = `surprising'（没有料到的）
* unwise = `foolish' （愚蠢的）. Compare non-British (`of a nationality which is not British') andun-British (`being disloyal to Britain'). 试比较non-British（非英国籍的）和un-British（不忠于英国的）.
2 In- is used with fewer words than un-, also to form opposites. *in-也用以构成反义词, 但能与之结合的词较un-少些. There are variant spellings 这一前缀有几种拼写形式
*il- before l (illogical); im- before b, m, p (imbalance, immaterial, impossible) and ir- before r (irresponsible).*il-用于l之前（illogical）; im-用于b、m、p之前（imbalance、immaterial、impossible）; ir-用于r之前（irresponsible）.
3 Dis- is also used with verbs, adjectives and nouns to form opposites *dis-亦用于动词、形容词、名词之前, 构成反义词
*dislike 不喜欢
* disobedient 不服从的
* distrust 不信任.
4 A- is mostly used in formal or technical words to indicate `lacking in' or `lack of' *a-主要用在较文的词或科技词之前, 表示｀缺乏＇或｀无＇
*amorphous (`lacking in shape') 无定形的
* anarchy (`lack of rule') 无政府状态.
5 It is not possible to predict whether un-, in- or dis- is used with a particular word and the correct form must be noted and learned 一个词的前缀究竟是用un-、in-还是dis-是没有固定规律可循的, 只好留心逐一记住.
1 (with adjs, advs and ns 与形容词、副词和名词结合) not 不; 非
*unable
* unconsciously
* untruth.2 (a) (with vs forming vs 与动词结合构成动词) reverse or opposite of 相反; 对立
*unlock
* undo.
(b) (withns forming vs 与名词结合构成动词) remove from or deprive of 移走; 免去
*unearth
* unmask
* unhorse.
NOTE ON USAGE 用法
*Compare the negative prefixes non-, un-, dis- and a-. 试比较含否定意义的前缀n on-、un-、dis-、a-.
1 Non- and un- are the most freelyadded prefixes. *non-和un-在使用上最为自由. Non-is used with nouns, adjectives and adverbs and indicates an absence of something *non-附加在名词、形容词、副词前, 表示没有或不存在某事物
*a non-drinker 不喝酒的人
* a non-stick pan 不粘底的锅
* speaking non-stop说个不停. Un- is added to adjectives and indicates the opposite quality from the simple word *un-附加在形容词前, 表示与原词相反的意义
*unexpected = `surprising'（没有料到的）
* unwise = `foolish' （愚蠢的）. Compare non-British (`of a nationality which is not British') andun-British (`being disloyal to Britain'). 试比较non-British（非英国籍的）和un-British（不忠于英国的）.
2 In- is used with fewer words than un-, also to form opposites. *in-也用以构成反义词, 但能与之结合的词较un-少些. There are variant spellings 这一前缀有几种拼写形式
*il- before l (illogical); im- before b, m, p (imbalance, immaterial, impossible) and ir- before r (irresponsible).*il-用于l之前（illogical）; im-用于b、m、p之前（imbalance、immaterial、impossible）; ir-用于r之前（irresponsible）.
3 Dis- is also used with verbs, adjectives and nouns to form opposites *dis-亦用于动词、形容词、名词之前, 构成反义词
*dislike 不喜欢
* disobedient 不服从的
* distrust 不信任.
4 A- is mostly used in formal or technical words to indicate `lacking in' or `lack of' *a-主要用在较文的词或科技词之前, 表示｀缺乏＇或｀无＇
*amorphous (`lacking in shape') 无定形的
* anarchy (`lack of rule') 无政府状态.
5 It is not possible to predict whether un-, in- or dis- is used with a particular word and the correct form must be noted and learned 一个词的前缀究竟是用un-、in-还是dis-是没有固定规律可循的, 只好留心逐一记住.
un-
prefix
[Sense: 1; Origin:Old English]
[Sense: 2; Origin:Old English un-, on-, from and- 'against']
[in adjectives, adverbs, and nouns]
used to show a negative, a lack, or an opposite
= not
unfair
unhappy
unfortunately
uncertainty
[in verbs]
used to show an opposite of a particular action
to undress (=to take your clothes off)
Have you unpacked yet (=taken your things out of your suitcase) ?
I heard Lila unlock the front door.
[Sense: 1; Origin:Old English]
[Sense: 2; Origin:Old English un-, on-, from and- 'against']
[in adjectives, adverbs, and nouns]
used to show a negative, a lack, or an opposite
= not
unfair
unhappy
unfortunately
uncertainty
[in verbs]
used to show an opposite of a particular action
to undress (=to take your clothes off)
Have you unpacked yet (=taken your things out of your suitcase) ?
I heard Lila unlock the front door.
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