/gɪv; ˇɪv/
v (pt gave / geIv; ^ev/, pp given / 5gIvn;`^IvEn/)

* CAUSING SOMEBODY OR SOMETHING TO HAVE OR RECEIVE 给予
1 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to receive, hold, have or own sth 给某人某物
*I gave each of the boys an apple. 我给男孩每人一个苹果.
* I gave an apple to each of the boys. 我给每个男孩一个苹果.
* Each of the boys was given an apple. 给了每个男孩一个苹果.
* An apple was given to each of the boys. 每个男孩都得到一个苹果.
* She gave her mother the tickets/gave the tickets to her mother to look after. 她把票交给母亲保管.
* Can I give you (ie Would you like) another slice of cake? 要不要再来一块蛋糕?
* She was given a new heart (ie had a heart transplant) in an eight-hour operation. 经八小时的手术给她移植了一颗新的心脏.
* He gave the old lady his arm (ie allowed the old lady to lean on his arm) as they crossed the road. 他让老太太挽着他的胳膊过马路.
* I've just been given a
2000 pay rise. 我刚获得2000英镑的加薪.
2 (a) [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to have sth as a present 送给某人某礼物
*What are you giving (to) your brother for his birthday? 你弟弟生日你打算送他什么?
* I'm giving all my friends books for Christmas. 我在圣诞节要向所有的朋友赠书.
* Have you given the waiter a tip? 你给侍者小费了吗?
(b) [I, Ipr, Tn, Tn.pr] ~ (sth) to sth contribute (money) to sth, esp a charity 捐赠（钱财）（尤指给慈善事业）
*Handicapped children need your help please give generously. 残疾儿童需要您的帮助--请慷慨解囊.
* Please give generously to famine relief. 请为饥荒账款慷慨捐赠.
* Many people regularly give money to charity. 很多人经常为慈善事业捐款.
3 [Dn.n] allow (sb/sth) to have sth 允许（某人[某事物]）有某事物
*They gave me a week to make up my mind. 他们允许我有一周的时间作决定.
* (infml 口) I give their marriage six months at the very most. ie I think that it will last only six months. 我认为他们的婚姻顶多能维持半年.
* She wishes that she'd been given the chance to go to university. 她想以前要是有机会上大学就好了.
* She wants a job that gives her more responsibility. 她想得到一份责任更大的工作.
* What gives you the right to tell me what to do? 你有什么权力指使我做事?
4 [Tn.pr, Dn.n] ~ (sb) sth for sth pay (the specified amount of money) to (sb) in order to have sth 付给（某人）（某钱数）购买某物
*Do you mean to tell me you gave
1500 for that pile of scrap metal! 难道说你花了1500英镑买了那堆破铜烂铁!
* How much will you give me for my old car? 你肯出多少钱买我那辆旧车?
5 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth (to sb) cause (sb) to have sth; provide or supply (sb) with sth 使（某人）有某事物; 供给或供应（某人）某事物
*The sun gives (us) warmth and light. 太阳供给我们光和热.
* You may be called to give evidence at the trial. 法庭可能传你去作证.
* She gives private lessons to supplement her income. 她给私人授课以贴补收入.
* She gave me a lift as far as the station. 她让我坐她的车顺便送我到车站.
* He gives the impression of not caring a damn. 他给人的印象是满不在乎.
* Could you give me your honest opinion of the book? 你对这书有何意见可否直率提出?
* What gave you the idea that I didn't like you? 你怎么以为我不喜欢你呢?
* They gave the name Roland to their first child. 他们给自己的第一个孩子起名为罗兰.
6 [Tn, Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb/sth devote (time, thought, etc) to sb/sth 将（时间、思想等）用于某人[某事物]
*I've given the matter a lot of thought/given a lot of thought to the matter. 我对这事已反覆思考过.
* The government should give top priority to rebuilding the inner cities. 政府应该优先重建城内旧中心区.

* CAUSING SOMEBODY TO SUFFER 使遭受
7 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb cause sb to undergo (the specified punishment, esp a period of time in prison) 使某人承受（某种惩罚, 尤指监禁）
*The judge gave him a nine-month suspended sentence. 法官判处他9个月监禁, 缓期执行.
* The headmaster gave the boys a scolding. 校长训斥了那些男生.
8 [Dn.n, Dn.pr] ~ sth to sb infect sb with (an illness) 传染给某人（疾病）
*You've given me your cold/given your cold to me. 你把感冒传染给我了.

* COMMUNICATING 传达
9 [Dn.n] (used in the imperative 用于祈使句) offer (sth) to sb as an excuse or explanation 向某人提出（某事）作为藉口或解释
*Don't give me that rubbish about having a headache; I know you don't want to go to the party. 别跟我扯什么头痛来当藉口, 我知道你不想赴会.
10 [Dn.n] make (a telephone call) to sb 给某人打（电话）
*I'll give you a ring tomorrow. 明天我给你打电话.
11 [Dn.n] admit the truth of (sth) to sb; grant 向某人承认（某事）属实; 同意
*This government has a good record on inflation, I give you that, but what is it doing about unemployment? 政府抑制通胀有方, 此话不假, 可是对失业问题又怎么处理呢?

* PERFORMING OR PROVIDING 表现、表演或举办
12 [Tn] perform or present (a play, concert, etc) in public 表演或演出（戏剧、音乐会等）
*give a poetry reading, a song recital, etc 表演诗朗诵、举行独唱会
* How many performances of the play are you giving? 这剧你们要演多少场?
* The play was given its first performance in June 1923. 这剧于19236月首次公演.
* The Prime Minister will be giving a press conference tomorrow morning. 首相明日上午举行记者招待会.
13 [Tn] provide (a meal, party, etc) as a host 作东道主举办（宴会、聚会等）
*I'm giving a dinner party next Friday evening; would you like to come? 下星期五晚上我举行宴会, 您肯赏光吗?
14 [Tn] carry out or perform (an action) 做（某动作）
*She gave a shrug of her shoulders. 她耸了耸肩膀.
* He gave a start and woke up suddenly. 他突然惊醒.
15 [Dn.n] perform (the specified action) on (sb/sth) 对（某人[某物]）施（某动作）
*give sb a kick, push, shove, etc 踢某人一脚、推某人一把、挤某人一下
* give sb a punch on the nose 在某人鼻子上打一拳
* She gave him a kiss. 她吻了他一下.
* Do give your shoes a polish before you go out. 出门前把皮鞋擦亮.

* UTTERING OR DECLARING 出声或宣布
16 [Tn] utter (the specified sound) 发出（某声音）
*give a groan, laugh, sigh, yell, etc 发出一声呻吟、笑一笑、叹一口气、大喊一声
* He gave a strangled cry and fell to the floor. 他发出一声受扼的叫喊, 随即倒在地板上.
17 [Dn.n] (used in the imperative 用于祈使句) ask (people) to drink a toast to (sb) 请（大家）为（某人）乾杯
*Ladies and gentlemen, I give you his Royal Highness, the Prince of Wales. 女士们, 先生们, 请为威尔士亲王殿下乾杯.
18 [Cn.a] (esp of a referee, an umpire, etc in sport) declare that (sb/sth) is in the specified condition or position （尤指体育运动的裁判等）宣布, 判
*The umpire gave the batsman out (leg before wicket). 裁判裁定击球员（用腿截球违例）出局.

* OTHER MEANINGS 其他意义
19 [Dn.n] produce (the specified feeling) in (sb) 使（某人）产生（某感觉）
*All that heavy lifting has given me a pain in the back. 我一直抬那些重东西, 现在腰都痛了.
* Why don't you go for a walk? It'll give you an appetite for your lunch. 你怎么不出去散散步? 散散步午饭时就有食欲了.
20 [I] bend or stretch under pressure 在压力下弯曲或伸长
*The branch began to give under his weight. 他身体的重量把树枝压弯了.
* (fig 比喻) Unless one side gives, the strike could go on until Christmas. 除非有一方让步, 否则罢工很可能继续到圣诞节.
21 (combines with a n in many fixed expressions, where give and the n together have the same meaning as a v related in form to the n 与名词结合构成give + n形式的许多固定词组, 具有与该名词相应的动词同样的词义, 如 give sb a surprise = surprise sb)
*Let me give you a piece of advice, ie advise you. 我给你提个建议吧.
* Her acting has given pleasure to (ie pleased) millions (of people). 她的表演给千百万人带来娱乐享受.
* The news gave us rather a shock, ie rather shocked us. 这消息使我们颇为震惊.
* I trust that you can give an explanation for (ie explain) your extraordinary behaviour? 我认为你一定能对自己的不寻常行为作出解释吧?
* We will give you all the help (ie help you in every way) we can. 我们一定尽力帮助你. (For other similar expressions, see entries for the ns 其他类似固定词组见有关名词词条, 如 give one's approval to sth => approval; give one's permission => permission.)
22 (idm 习语) sb doesn't/couldn't give a damn, a hoot, etc (about sb/sth) (infml 口) sb does not care at all (about sb/sth) 某人（对某人[某事物]）满不在乎, 无所谓
*He couldn't give a damn whether he passes the exam or not. 他对考试及格与否满不在乎. ,give and `take be mutually tolerant and forgiving within a relationship 相互容让
*For a marriage to succeed, both partners must learn to give and take. 要使婚姻美满, 双方必须懂得互相迁就. `give it to sb (infml 口) attack, criticize or rebuke sb severely 猛烈攻击、批评或驳斥某人
*The boss will really give it to you if you miss the deadline for the job. 要是到期完不成工作, 老板就要给你点厉害. give me sth/sb (infml 口) (used to show that one prefers the thing or person specified to sth/sb mentioned previously 用以表示宁取某事物或某人, 而不取先提及的某事物[某人])
*I can't stand modern music; give me Bach and Mozart every time! ie I shall always prefer Bach and Mozart. 我受不了现代音乐, 还是喜欢巴赫和莫扎特的作品! give or take sth the specified amount, time, etc more or less （数量、时间等）或多或少
*`How long will it take us to get to Oxford?' `About an hour and a half, give or take a few minutes.' ｀到牛津要多久?＇｀大约一个半小时, 上下差不了几分钟.＇ give sb to believe/understand (that)... (often passive 常用于被动语态); (fml 文) cause sb to believe/understand sth 使某人相信[明白]某事物
*I was given to understand that she was ill. 我获悉她生病了. What `gives? (infml 口) What is happening? 出什么事了? (For other idioms containing give, see entries for ns, adjs, etc 与give搭配的其他习语见有关名词、形容词等的词条, 如 give ground => ground1; give rise to sth => rise1.)
23 (phr v) give sb away (in a marriage ceremony) lead the bride to the bridegroom and `give' her to him （婚礼中）将新娘交与新郎
*The bride was given away by her father. 由父亲把新娘交与新郎. give sth away
(a) give sth free of charge 免费送出某物; 赠送
*He gave away most of his money to charity. 他把大部分钱都捐赠给慈善事业了.
* (infml 口) These watches are only a pound each; we're almost giving them away! 这些手表每块只卖一英镑, 我们差不多等于白送!
(b) distribute or present sth 分发或赠与某物
*The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day. 市长在学校运动会上颁发奖品.
(c) not use or take (a chance, an opportunity, etc) through carelessness 由于大意而未利用或抓住（时机、机会等）
*They gave away their last chance of winning the match. 他们坐失赢得比赛的最後机会. give sth/sb away reveal sth/sb intentionally or unintentionally; betray sth/sb 有意或无意地泄露某事物或出卖某人
*She gave away state secrets to the enemy. 她将国家机密泄露给敌人了.
* His broad Liverpool accent gave him away, ie revealed who he really was. 他那很重的利物浦口音把他自己暴露了.

/gɪv; ˇɪv/
n
1 [U] quality of bending or stretching under pressure; elasticity 延展性; 弹性; 弹力
*This rope has too much give in it. 这条绳子弹性太大.
* Don't worry if the shoes seem a bit tight at first; the leather has plenty of give in it. 这鞋刚穿时要是有点紧没关系, 这种皮子很有延展性.
2 (idm 习语) ,give and `take
(a) willingness to be mutually tolerant and forgiving within a relationship 互相忍让; 互相迁就
*If the dispute is to be resolved there must be some give and take. 若要争执获得解决, 双方就要互相让步.
* [attrib 作定语] Marriage is a give-and-take affair. 婚姻是互谅互让的事.
(b) exchange 交换
*the lively give and take of ideas, ie willingness to make concessions or compromises 活跃的思想交流（乐于迁就或妥协）.