/'rʌfl; `rʌfl/
v
1 [Tn, Tn.p] ~ sth (up) disturb the smoothness or evenness of sth 弄皱或弄乱某物
*a breeze ruffling the surface of the lake 吹皱了湖面的微风
* Don't ruffle my hair, I've just combed it. 别把我的头发弄乱了, 我刚刚梳好了的.
* The bird ruffled up its feathers. 那只鸟竖起了羽毛.
2 [Tn esp passive 尤用于被动语态] upset the calmness or even temper of (sb); disconcert 扰乱（某人）的情绪; 激怒（某人）
*Anne is easily ruffled by awkward questions. 安妮遇到难堪的问题很容易发脾气.
3 (idm 习语) ruffle sb's `feathers (infml 口) annoy sb 惹某人生气. smooth sb's ruffled feathers => smooth2.

n strip of material gathered into a frill and used to ornament a garment, esp at the wrist or neck 褶饰, 花边（尤用于袖口或衣领）.